The 3D Facial Norms Database: Part 1. A Web-Based Craniofacial Anthropometric and Image Repository for the Clinical and Research Community.

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Date: November 2016. Source: Cleft Palate Craniofacial Journal, 53(6) pp. e185–e197. Background: Although craniofacial sex differences have been extensively studied in humans, relatively little is known about when various dimorphic features manifest during postnatal life. Using cross-sectional data derived from the 3D Facial Norms data repository, we tested for sexual dimorphism of craniofacial soft-tissue morphology…

The course of positional cranial deformation from 3 to 12 months of age and associated risk factors: a follow-up with 3D imaging. H Aarnivala, V Vuollo, V Harila, T Heikkinen, P Pirttiniemi, L Holmström, AM Valkama.

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Date: September 2016. Source: European Journal of Pediatrics, pp 1–11. doi:10.1007/s00431-016-2773-z. Abstract: Deformational plagiocephaly is reported in up to 46.6 % of healthy infants, with the highest point prevalence at around 3 months of age. Few prospective studies on the natural course of skull deformation have been conducted, and we know of no studies using…

Genetic and Environmental Contributions to Facial Morphological Variation: A 3D Population-Based Twin Study. J Djordjevic, AI Zhurov, S Richmond, Visigen Consortium.

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Date: September 2016 Source: PLoS One. 11(9):e0162250. Introduction: Facial phenotype is influenced by genes and environment; however, little is known about their relative contributions to normal facial morphology. The aim of this study was to assess the relative genetic and environmental contributions to facial morphological variation using a three-dimensional (3D) population-based approach and the classical…

Genome-Wide Association Study Reveals Multiple Loci Influencing Normal Human Facial Morphology. JR Shaffer, E Orlova, MK Lee, EJ Leslie, ZD Raffensperger, CL Heike, more…

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Date: August 2016 Source: PLOS Genetics Abstract: Numerous lines of evidence point to a genetic basis for facial morphology in humans, yet little is known about how specific genetic variants relate to the phenotypic expression of many common facial features. We conducted genome-wide association meta-analyses of 20 quantitative facial measurements derived from the 3D surface…

Heritability maps of human face morphology through large-scale automated three-dimensional phenotyping. D Tsagkrasoulis, P Hysi, T Spector, G Montana.

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Date: August 2016 Source: ResearchGate Abstract: The human face is a complex trait under strong genetic control, as evidenced by the striking visual similarity between twins. Nevertheless, heritability estimates of facial traits have often been surprisingly low or difficult to replicate. Furthermore, the construction of facial phenotypes that correspond to naturally perceived facial features remains…

Multiscale Mechano-Biological Finite Element Modelling of Oncoplastic Breast Surgery—Numerical Study towards Surgical Planning and Cosmetic Outcome Prediction. Vavourakis V, Eiben B, Hipwell JH, Williams NR, Keshtgar M, Hawkes DJ.

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Date: July 2016 Source: PLoS ONE 11(7): e0159766. Abstract: Surgical treatment for early-stage breast carcinoma primarily necessitates breast conserving therapy (BCT), where the tumour is removed while preserving the breast shape. To date, there have been very few attempts to develop accurate and efficient computational tools that could be used in the clinical environment for…

Hypertelorism and Orofacial Clefting Revisited: An Anthropometric Investigation. SM Weinberg, EJ Leslie, JT Hecht, GL Wehby, FWB Deleyiannis, LM Moreno, K Christensen, ML Marazita.

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Date: June 2016. ONLINE AHEAD OF PRINT Source: The Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal. Objective: Since the 1960s, multiple studies have reported a tendency toward hypertelorism in individuals with nonsyndromic orofacial clefts (OFCs). However, the association between specific cleft types and increased interorbital distance has been inconsistent. Using three-dimensional (3D) surface imaging, we tested whether different forms…

Measuring Symmetry in Children With Unrepaired Cleft Lip: Defining a Standard for the Three-Dimensional Mid-facial Reference Plane. J Wu, C Heike, C Birgfeld, K Evans, M Maga, C Morrison, B Saltzman, L Shapiro, R Tse.

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Date: March 2016 (Online ahead of print) Source: The Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal. Objective: Quantitative measures of facial form to evaluate treatment outcomes for cleft lip (CL) are currently limited. Computer-based analysis of three-dimensional (3D) images provides an opportunity for efficient and objective analysis. The purpose of this study was to define a computer-based standard of…

Measuring Symmetry in Children With Cleft Lip. Part 2: Quantification of Nasolabial Symmetry Before and After Cleft Lip Repair. J Wu, S Liang, L Shapiro, R Tse.

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Date: December 2015. Source: The Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal. Objective: The first part of this study validated an automated computer-based method of identifying the three-dimensional midfacial plane in children with unrepaired cleft lip. The purpose of this second part is to develop computer-based methods to quantify symmetry and to determine the correlation of these measures to…