Development of a maxillofacial virtual surgical system based on biomechanical parameters of facial soft tissue. M Cheng, Y Zhuang, H Zhao et al.

In this study, a physical model of facial soft tissue based on real biomechanical parameters was constructed, and a haptics-enabled virtual surgical system was developed to simulate incision-making process on facial soft tissue and to help maxillofacial surgery training.

The Effects of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis on Axial Rotation of the Spine: A Study of Twisting Using Surface Topography. A Thakur, JH Heyer, E Wong, HJ Hillstrom, B Groisser, K Page, C Gmelich, ME Cunningham, RF Widmann, MT Hresko.

The aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of scoliosis on axial range of motion. Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) patients and asymptomatic controls were scanned in a topographic scanner while twisting maximally to the left and right.

Genetic variants underlying differences in facial morphology in East Asian and European populations. M Zhang, S Wu, S Du, et al.

Evolutionary analyses suggest that the difference in nose shape between EUR and EAS populations is caused by a directional selection, due mainly to a local adaptation in Europeans. Our results illustrate the underlying genetic basis for facial differences across populations.